Institutional Learning and Change Initiative

Partnership is a central feature of contemporary strategies in agricultural research for development. However, partnering is often experienced as time-consuming, frustrating, and less productive than expected. To improve the effectiveness of partnerships in research for development, researchers from the International Potato Center (CIP) reviewed publications, evaluations, and reports dealing with partnerships, consortia, alliances, and similar multi-organizational relations. The result is Horton, D, G. Prain, and G. Thiele. 2009. Perspectives on Partnership: A Literature Review. International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru. Social Sciences Working Paper No. 2009-3 (www.cipotato.org/pressroom/press_releases_detail.asp?cod=79). ILAC Brief No. 25 is based on this review. This section includes the references publications, evaluations, and reports reviewed in the CIP Working Paper plus others which have been published or located after the review.

The list of references below was compiled with the support of several professionals worldwide. Links to references' abstracts and PDFs are still under development.

Please send us your comments and references you would like to have included in this list.

Allen, W., K. Brown, et al. (1998). Building partnerships for conservation in the Waitaki/Mackenzie basins Landcare Research Contract Report LC9899/033. Lincoln, New Zealand.

Atkinson, M. (2005). "The Development of an Evaluation Framework for Partnership Working." The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methodology 3(1): 1-10. http://www.ejbrm.com/vol3/v3-i1/v3-i1-art1-atkinson.pdf

Bradley, M. (2007). North-South Research Partnerships: Challenges, Responses and Trends: A Literature Review and Annotated Bibliography. Working Paper 1, IDRC Canadian Partnerships Working Paper Series. Ottawa: Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC).

Bradley, M. (2007). On the Agenda: North-South research partnerships and agenda-setting processes. Working Paper 2, IDRC Canadian Partnerships Working Paper Series. Ottawa, Canada: Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC).

Brinkerhoff, J. M. (2002). "Assessing and improving partnership relationships and outcomes: a proposed framework " Evaluation and Program Planning 25(3): 215-231.

Caplan, K., J. Gomme, et al. (2007). Assessing Partnership Performance: Understanding the drivers for success. London: Building Partnerships for Development in Water and Sanitation (BPD). http://www.bpdws.org/bpd/web/d/doc_191.pdf?statsHandlerDone=1

Carr, M. K. V. (1999). "Evaluating the impact of research for development: tea in Tanzania." Experimental Agriculture 35: 247-264

Cervantes, M. (1998). Public/Private Partnerships in Science and technology: An overview. Special Issue on ‘‘Public/Private Partnerships in Science and Technology’’, Review No 23. Science Technology Industry Review (STI). Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): 7-22.

Devaux, A., G. Thiele, et al. (2005). Facilitating Innovation for Poverty Reduction the Andes. What are the innovation challenges for rural development? : IFAD.

Felipe, J. (2003). Public-private partnership for competitiveness. Economics and Research Department Policy Brief Series No 18. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank. http://www.adb.org/Documents/EDRC/Policy_Briefs/PB018.pdf

Foster-Fishman, P. G., D. F. Perkins, et al. (1997). "Developing effective evaluation partnerships: Paradigmatic and contextual barriers." Análise Psicológica 3(XV): 389-403. http://www.scielo.oces.mctes.pt/pdf/aps/v15n3/v15n3a03.pdf

Fowler, A. (2000). Partnerships: Negotiating Relationships. Occasional Paper Series 32. Oxford: INTRAC. http://www.impactalliance.org/file_download.php?location=S_U&filename=11538079021INTRAC_OPS32final_Fowler.pdf

Fowler, A. (2007). Getting to Partnership: The neglected role of facilitation. Capacity.org Issue 30: European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM), SNV Netherlands Development Organisation and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). http://www.capacity.org/en/journal/archives/partnerships_for_service_delivery

Funnell, S. (2006). Evaluating Partnership Programs: Challenges and Approaches. 2006 International Conference, Australian Evaluation Society. Holiday Inn Esplanade, Darwin, Australia. http://www.aes.asn.au/conferences/2006/papers/031%20Sue%20Funnell.pdf

Gilbert, N. (2007). New strategy to promote global research partnerships. Guardian. London. http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2007/jul/24/highereducation.research

Gormley, W. (2001). Selecting partners: practical considerations for forming partnerships. Tips and Tools Series: Collaborative Alliances, The Organizational Change Program for the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research and Training Resources Group, Inc. http://www.trg-inc.com/orgchange/electronic_partnerships.pdf

Hagedoorn, J. (2006). "Understanding the Rationale of Strategic Technology Partnering: Interorganizational modes of cooperation and sectoral differences." Strategic Management Journal 14(5): 371 - 385. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=1705

Hagmann, J. (2008). ILRI’s Partnership Strategy and Management System. Nairobi: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). http://www.ilri.org/Infoserv/webpub/fulldocs/ILRI'S%20Partnership/P&C_strategy.pdf

Hall, A. (2004). Public Private Sector Partnerships in an Agricultural System of Innovation: Concepts and challenges: United Nations University, Institute for New Technology.

Hall, A., G. Bockett, et al. (2001). "Why Research Partnerships Really Matter: Innovation Theory, Institutional Arrangements and Implications for Developing New Technology for the Poor." World Development 25(5): 783-797.

Halliday, J., S. N. M. Asthana, et al. (2004). "Evaluating Partnership: The role of formal assessment tools " Evaluation 10(3): 285-303.

Hartwich, F. and J. Tola (2007). "Public–private partnerships for agricultural innovation: concepts and experiences from 124 cases in Latin America." International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology 6(2): 240-255.

Hartwich, F. A., Luis; Arispe, Tito; Eguez, Vicente; Mendoza, Jaime; Alexaki, Nancy. (2008). Innovación agroalimentaria en Bolivia : Lecciones para la formulación de políticas. IFPRI Discussion Paper 773SP. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) http://www.ifpri.org/spanish/pubs/dp/IFPRIDP00773sp.pdf

Hartwich, F. G., Carolina; Vieira, Luis-Fernando (2005). Public-private partnerships for innovation-led growth in agrichains: a useful tool for development in Latin America? ISNAR Discussion Paper 1. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

Hartwich, F. G., Maria Veronica; Babu, Suresh Chandra; Tola, Jaime. (2007). Building Public–Private Partnerships for Agricultural Innovation in Latin America : Lessons from capacity strengthening. IFPRI Discussion Paper 699. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

Hartwich, F. T., J. Engler A.; Espinoza J.J.; Ghezan, G.; Gonzalez, C.; Silva, J.A.; Vásquez J. (2007). Guidelines for Building Public–Private Partnerships for Agricultural and Agroindustrial Innovation. Food Policy in Practice. Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

Hatchuel, A. (2002). "The Two Pillars of New Management Research." British Journal of Management 12(1): 33-39.

Hobbs, H., J. F. Larios, et al. (1997). A research partnership with farmers: The case of CENTA in El Salvador ISNAR Briefing Paper No 35. The Hague: ISNAR.

Hocdé, H., B. Triomphe, et al. (2006). From participation to partnership, a different way for researchers to accompany innovations processes: challenges and difficulties. Innovation Africa Symposium. Kampala, Uganda: CIRAD.

Horton, D., A. Alexaki, et al., Eds. (2003). Towards Partnership in Organizational Capacity Development. Evaluating Capacity Development: Experiences from Research and Development Organizations around the World. The Hague/Ottawa/Wageningen: International Service for National Agricultural Research/ International Development Research Centre/Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation. http://www.idrc.ca/openebooks/111-6/#page_65

Independent Evaluation Group (2007). Sourcebook for evaluating global and regional partnership programs: Indicative principles and standards. Washington, DC The World Bank. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTGLOREGPARPRO/Resources/sourcebook.pdf

Institute for Regional and Rural Research (2004). Collaborative Research Partnerships. Position Paper No. 3. Victoria, Australia: Institute for Regional and Rural Research, University of Ballarat, Regional Research Framework.

James, C. (1996). Agricultural research and development: The need for public-private sector partnership. Issues in Agriculture Washington, DC: Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). No 9: 48 p. http://www.worldbank.org/html/cgiar/publications/issues/issues9.pdf

Jones, O. and J. Little (2000). "Rural Challenge(s): Partnership and new rural governance " Journal of Rural Studies 16: 171-183.

Jørgensen, M. (2002). Evaluating cross-sector partnerships. ‘Public-private partnerships in the post WSSD context’. Copenhagen Business School: Department of Political Science, University of Aarhus. http://www.unrisd.org/unrisd/website/events.nsf/d063b7f4013ddaeb80256b59004b47a3/bc20f4baffcff713c1257219004abb34/$FILE/Mette.pdf

KFPE (1998). Guidelines for Research in Partnership with Developing Countries Bern, Switzerland: Swiss Commission for Research Partnership with Developing Countries (KFPE): 56p. .

Klitgaard, R. (2001). Evaluation of, for, and through Partnerships. World Bank Conference on Evaluation and Development: The Partnership Dimension. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. http://www.worldbank.org/html/oed/partnershipconference/images/robert-klitgaard.pdf

Lasker, R. D., E. S. Weiss, et al. (2001). "Partnership Synergy: A Practical Framework for Studying and Strengthening the Collaborative Advantage " The Milbank Quarterly 79(2): 179-205.

Liebenthal, A. F., Osvaldo Nestor; Ingram, Gregory K.; Picciotto, Robert, Ed. (2004). Evaluation and Development: The partnership dimension. Edison, USA: Tansaction publishers. http://books.google.it/books?hl=en&lr=&id=KvS9jXDiebIC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=evaluation+and+development+the+partnership+dimension&ots=7aPtBdaEfb&sig=ZOR_Hy3w0WGTKSniWiBXRtX94B8#PPR9,M1

Maselli, D., J. A. Lys, et al. Improving Impacts of Research Partnerships. Swiss Commission for Research Partnerships with Developing Countries, KFPE. Berne: Geographica Bernensia. http://www.deza.admin.ch/ressources/resource_en_24656.pdf

Meinzen-Dick, R. and M. Adato (2007). Impacts of agricultural research on poverty: synthesis of findings and implications for future directions. Agricultural research, livelihoods, and poverty: studies of economic and social impacts in six countries: 331-367.

Merrill-Sands, D. and B. Sheridan (1996). Developing and Managing Collaborative Alliances: Lessons from a review of the literature. Organizational Change Briefing Note No. 3. Boston, Support Program in Organizational Change for the CGIAR Centers. Simmons Institute for Leadership and Change. http://www.trg-inc.com/orgchange/DevManagingPartnership.pdf

Nelson, J. (2002). Building Partnerships: Cooperation Between the United Nations System and the Private Sector. New York: United Nations Department of Public Information http://www.iblf.org/docs/BuildingPartnerships.pdf

Nelson, J. and D. Prescott (2005). Partnering for Success: Business Perspectives on Multistakeholder Partnerships. Geneva: World Economic Forum Global Corporate Citizenship Initiative (GCCI), in cooperation with IBLF - The Prince of Wales International Business Leaders Forum and JFK School of Government, Harvard University. http://www.weforum.org/pdf/ppp.pdf

Oyelaran-Oyeyinka, B. (2005). Partnerships for Building Science and Technology Capacity in Africa. Paper prepared for the Africa–Canada–UK Exploration: Building Science and Technology Capacity with African Partners 30 January – 1 February 2005, Canada House, London, UK.

Padolina, W. G. (2005). Partnerships: Second class citizens in a first class research institute. Powerpoint presentation handout: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).

Partnership and Business Development Division Partnering for Progress. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre. http://www.idrc.ca/uploads/user-S/11071836081PBD_brochure_e.pdf

Pirkis, J., H. Herrman, et al. (2001). "Evaluating Complex, Collaborative Programmes: the Partnership Project as a case study." Australian And New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 35(5): 639-646. https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:38241

European Commission Directorate-General Regional Policy (2003). Guidelines for Successful Public - Private Partnerships. Brussels, Beligium: European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/guides/ppp_en.pdf

Rambur, B. (2008). Understanding the Culture of Collaboration: An Exploration of Transnational Research Partnerships. http://www.wun.ac.uk/ideasanduniversities/seminars/2008_programme/rambur.html

Reifschneider, F. (2002). Power of Partnership: CGIAR’s Role in Mobilizing Science for Food, the Poor, and the Environment. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ESSDNETWORK/1104808-1115808029848/20486418/PowerOfPartnershipCGIARsRoleInMobilizingSciencePages1-10.pdf

Sanginga, P. (2006). Enhancing Partnerships for Enabling Rural Innovation in Africa: Challenges and prospects for institutionalizing Innovation Partnerships. Innovation Africa Symposium. Kampala, Uganda.

Scient Technology Industry (STI) (1998). Special Issue on "Public/Private Partnerships in Science and Technology". Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/oecd/10105247/1998/00001998/00000002/9098231e;jsessionid=z04cf28sfaw5.alexandra?format=print

Scott, J. (2003). "Absorptive Capacity and the Efficiency of Research Partnerships " Technology Analysis and Strategic Management 15(2): 247-253.

Smith, J. and J. Chataway (2009). Learning from the Periphery: The CGIAR and Civil Society Partnerships. Innogen Working Paper No 72.

Soutter, J., M. Eccles, et al. (1996). "Can we understand partnerships in general practice? A pilot study." Family Practice 13(2): 152-155.

Spielman, D., F. Hartwich, et al. (2007). Sharing Science, Building Bridges, and Enhancing Impact: Public–Private Partnerships in the CGIAR. IFPRI Discussion Paper 708. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

Spielman, D. J. and K. v. Grebmer (2006). "Public–Private Partnerships in International Agricultural Research: An analysis of constraints." Journal of Technology Transfer 31: 291-300.

Spielman, D. J., H. d. Groote, et al. (2006). Private-Public Partnerships to Public Partnerships to Improve Access to Improve Access to New Maize Technologies in New Maize Technologies in East and Southern Africa East and Southern Africa. Innovation Africa Symposium. Kampala, Uganda.

Spink, L. and D. Merrill-Sands (1999). Successful Collaborative Partnerships: Key Elements and a Self-Assessment Inventory. Organizational Change Briefing Note No. 5. Boston, Simmons Institute for Leadership and Change.
www.trg-inc.com/resources/PartnershipSelf-assessmentformwithcover2.pdf

Stern, E. (2004). Evaluating Partnerships. Evaluation and Development: The partnership dimension. A. Liebenthal, O. N. Feinstein and G. K. Ingram. Washington DC: World Bank. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KvS9jXDiebIC&pg=PA29&lpg=PA29&dq=evaluation+partnerships+stern&source=web&ots=7aPrFf6ye8&sig=ucT8Yd9XiebU-IB5Tq-nUfAIsYw&hl=en

Stiglitz, J. and S. Wallsten (2000). Public-Private Technology Partnerships: Promises and pitfalls. Public-Private Policy Partnerships. P. V. Rusenau. Cambridge, USA: MIT Press. http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=3789
http://books.google.it/books?id=CBhyLmmcY0EC&printsec=copyright&dq=Pauline+Vaillancourt+Rosenau+Private/public+policy+partnerships&lr=&source=gbs_toc_s&cad=1#PPP6,M1

Sullivan, M. and J. G. Kelly (2001). Collaborative Research: University and Community Partnership. Washington DC: American Public Health Association. http://books.google.com/books?id=tcANAAAACAAJ&dq=partnership+research&lr=

Swiss Commission for Research Partnerships with Developing Countries (KFPE) (1998). Guidelines for research in partnership with developing countries. http://www.kfpe.ch/key_activities/publications/guidelines/guidelines_e.php

TAC Secretariat (1999). System Review Follow-Up: Review of Partnerships and Research CGIAR Meetings, Agenda Documents Washington DC: CGIAR. http://www.cgiar.org/corecollection/docs/SRFUpar.pdf

Takahashi, C. (2006). "Partnerships, Learning, and Development: a case study from Ghana." Development in Practice 16(1): 39-50.

Tati, G. (2005). "Public–Private Partnership (PPP) and Water-supply Provision in Urban Africa: the experience of Congo-Brazzaville." Development in Practice 15(3 & 4): 316-324.

Tennyson, R. (2003). The Partering Toolbook. London: The International Business Leaders Forum (IBLF) and the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN).

Tennyson, R. (2005). The Brokering Guidebook. London: The Partnering Initiative http://www.iblf.org/docs/Brokering_Guidebook.pdf

Tennyson, R., P. S. a. D. o. L. Programmes, et al. (2003). The Partnering Toolbook. London, UK: The International Business Leaders Forum (IBLF) and the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN). http://www.iblf.org/docs/PartneringToolbook.pdf

The National Council for Public-Private Partnerships (2002). For the Good of the People: Using public-private partnerships to meet America’s essential needs. A White Paper on Pertnerships. Washington, USA: The National Council for Public-Private Partnerships. http://www.ncppp.org/presskit/ncpppwhitepaper.pdf

Toulemonde, J., C. Fontaine, et al. (1988). "Evaluation in Partnership: Practical Suggestions for Improving their Quality " Evaluation 4(2): 171-188.

VicHealth The Partnerships Analysis Tool For Partners in Health Promotion. Carlton South, Australia: Victorian Health Promotion Foundation. http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/assets/contentFiles/VHP%20part.%20tool_low%20res.pdf

Vieira, L. F. and F. Hartwich (2002). Approaching public-private partnerships for agroindustrial research: A methodological framework. Coronado, Costa Rica: ISNAR Office at IICA.

Watson, D. J., D. Irura, et al. (2006). An Innovative Partnership approach for increasing the Pro-Poor Impact of Livestock Research and Development activities. Innovation Africa Symposium. Kampala, Uganda.

Watts, J. and J. Robinson (2002). Nature and Effectiveness of Partnerships Across Several Projects Coordinated by IPGRI. Impact Assessment and Evaluation: Discussion Paper No. 3. Rome: International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI).

Wills, M. (2003). Waitt Family Foundation. Partnership and Change: How Relationships Affect Philanthropic Goals. Kimberly Dark, M.A.: Current Change Consulting.

Witte, J. M. and W. Reinicke (2005). Business UNusual: Facilitating UN Reform through Partnerships. New York: United Nations Publications. http://www.gppi.net/businessunusual/down/files/Report_in_full.pdf

Woolley, J., J.-M. Ribaut, et al. (2009). The CGIAR’s Challenge Program Experiences: A Critical Analysis. A contribution to Consortium and Mega-program desig. http://www.cgiar-ilac.org/content/cgiar%E2%80%99s-challenge-program-experiences-critical-analysis

World Bank (2001). Agenda - Background. Fourth Conference on Evaluation and Development - The Partnership Dimension, Washington, D.C. http://www.worldbank.org/html/oed/partnershipconference/agenda.html

World Food Programme (2001). WFP working with NGOs: A framework for partnership. World Food Programme. Executive Board, Annual Sess, 21-24 May 2001, Rome, Italy, World Food Programme.